Attiny13 Software Uart Bascom
Bascom and AVR, RS-232. Bascom and AVR, RS-232. RS-232 RS-232 is nowadays a 'mature' communication standard. It is surprising that a standard, defined in the early sixties, is still widely used today.
This is one way communication, like TinyDebugSerial, but as mentioned with the big difference that you don't have to wory abaut serial/usb converter. Quote from the Author: Advantage: Reliable over the entire range of factory tuning of the internal oscillator. Faster, smaller, and more efficient than Software Serial.
Formally however, the name RS-232 does not apply to a standard. An American organisation, now known as the Electronic Industries Association, proposed a way to communicate between large mainframe computers and peripheral equipment such as terminals. The proposal was called a Recommended Standard and 232 was not more than a identifying number. Much later this became an official standard, EIA-232. In 1991, the latest version, EIA-232E was published. However, the name RS-232 is still widely used and so shall I in these pages. RS-232 is a serial communication protocol.
It sends information as bit after bit and has two signal levels: - a voltage between -3 and -25 Volts is a logic one (1) - a voltage between +3 and +25 Volts is a logic zero (0) As the picture above shows, the voltage level between -3 and +3 Volts is undefined. In practice this is not so. Most often, any voltage level above 2.5 Volts is seen as a logic zero, anything below as a logic one. The electrical specification of RS-232 is quite robust, all outputs must be able to sustain a full short-circuit and all inputs must have a schmitt-trigger action. This makes a full-standard RS232 port on a PC much less vulnerable than a TTL-level parallel port.
RS-232 is an a-synchronous protocol, meaning that no separate clock is transmitted with the data. Both sides must know the communication speed (we use the term baud-rate) beforehand. In the original version of RS-232, a maximum speed of 20.000 bits per second was defined.
Now, speeds up to 1 Mbit/s are used. RS-232 defines a complete hardware handshaking system using several wiring pins. We use only the most important three: - RxD: receive data, pin number 2 - TxD: transmit data, pin number 3 - Ground, pin number 5 These pin numbers refer to a standard male DB9 connecter on your PC or laptop. UART UART means Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter. It is the hardware end on both sides of an RS-232 communication link.
In the PC or any other computer it is a chip on the motherboard under control of the CPU. In the AVR controller it is a small area on the chip die dedicated to this function. In the AT90S2313 the UART is connected to pin 2 (RxD) and 3 (TxD). As these pins also function as general purpose I/O PortD.0 and PortD.1, you'll have to sacrifice some I/O if you need the UART. A UART takes care of sending and receiving bits.
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When receiving, it determines when to sample the RxD pin to determine if a zero or one is received. When a complete byte has been received it can interrupt the controller to have this byte read from the UART input buffer. When transmitting, the UART reads a byte from the transmit buffer and sends the corresponding bits with the timing appropriate for the RS-232 speed selected. If the transmit buffer is empty the UART can interrupt the controller to send more bytes to the buffer if there are any.